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Women in Leading Positions and Possibilities of Work-life Balance
Šestáková, Romana ; Muzikant, Martin (referee) ; Rašticová, Martina (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with issues of women in leadership positions and the possibilities of coordinating work and private life. In theoretical part the thesis deals with gender issues focusing on women in managerial positions. In the practical part I then analyze in detail the status of women managers in a selected company through the study of internal materials, guidelines, and then also using questionnaires and interviews with women and men in management positions. The thesis analyzed the attitudes of men and women in senior positions with an emphasis on associating work and private life. Solutions of employment of women in leadership position are proposed in conclusion.
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Maternity hospital
Kolář, Vojtěch ; Stehlík, Ondřej (referee) ; Mléčka, Jan (advisor)
A new concept of maternity hospital creates a place, where future mother is not stressed and where she feels free. A place, where birth is perceived as a common part of everyday life. It searches a compromise between birth at classical hospital environment on one side and birth at home on the other. Both aforementioned possibilities bring certain risks that are intended to be minimized using this concept. The idea is based on practice from birth facilities from Germany and creates new concept of so called „birth houses“ that is consistent with law in the Czech Republic. Design of maternity hospital should not be based solely on meeting technical requirements of a bulding, but first of all comfort of mothers should be taken into account to make them feel home.
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Awareness of mothers in the care of physiological newborn
Drmelová, Anna ; Nikodemová, Hana (advisor) ; Hromádková, Jaroslava (referee)
This bachelor's thesis deals with the issue of care of the physiological newborn and the awareness of women (mothers) in the different areas of care. The theoretical part of the thesis describes the basic nursing interventions and steps in the care of the newborn from its arrival into the world, through the subsequent stay in the neonatal unit to its discharge to home care. In the introduction, basic concepts and definitions in the field of obstetrics and neonatology are defined. Attention is paid to the specific care of the newborn in the early postpartum period, the importance and significance of mutual cooperation between parents and medical staff during the hospital stay and all the necessary points of parental education after childbirth. The empirical part of the thesis presents results of my own investigation, data processing and comparison of my own results with results of previously conducted studies. The aim of the work was to find out to what extent mothers are informed about the course of hospitalization in the neonatal unit, about the course of independent nursing care of the newborn in the early postpartum period and how much information and experience they have in the overall care of the newborn. The survey also includes research questions to determine the individual level of...
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Surrogacy: key issues of legal regulation
Bauerová, Michaela ; Frinta, Ondřej (advisor) ; Lederer, Vít (referee)
Surrogacy: key issues of legal regulation Abstract This thesis outlines the phenomenon of surrogate motherhood through the prism of applicable law, while analysing the current situation of absenting legal regulation in Czech Republic and comparing various foreign legal regulations as appropriate or less appropriate models to inspire future Czech legislation. The aim of this thesis was to comprehensively introduce the institute of surrogacy as a unique method of assisted reproduction, which, however, brings many risks and challenges in terms of its regulation. The first part of the thesis deals with the terminology, which is used throughout the entire document and contributes to a better understanding of this phenomenon. Additionally, in this part the attention is given to a brief historical evolution of surrogacy resulting in his current form as a modern method of assisted reproduction. The second part is dedicated to comparison of various foreign legislations, namely the liberal legislation in California, the permissive legislation in Ukraine, the altruistic legislation in United Kingdom and the hostile legislation in France are examined. Furthermore, a particular attention is paid to the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights and finally to the current situation of missing regulation in Czech...
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Motherhood in women with ASD
Finkerová, Veronika ; Vozková, Anna (advisor) ; Hrdličková, Kristýna (referee)
This bachelor's thesis examines motherhood in women with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The aim of the thesis is to explore how mothers with autism spectrum disorder experience motherhood. The theoretical part of the thesis is divided into three main chapters. The first chapter introduces autism spectrum disorder, its definition, manifestations, and autism spectrum disorder in women. The second chapter focuses on the topic of motherhood, its basic definition, and selected psychological and interpersonal aspects. The last chapter deals with motherhood in women with ASD and presents the results of previous research on this topic. The empirical part of the thesis describes the conducted qualitative research. The research goal, main research question, and five sub-research questions were determined. The research was conducted through semi-structured interviews with five mothers with autism spectrum disorder. The collected data were analysed using the method of thematic analysis. Four main themes emerged from the interviews with the participants: me as a mother, relationship with the child, challenges of motherhood, and support in motherhood. Each theme included several sub- themes. The research findings indicate that motherhood is challenging for women with ASD, but also brings positive aspects to...
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Ensuring comfort and safety for newborns and infants
JELÍNKOVÁ, Karolína
The bachelor thesis focuses on a specific issue concerning comfort and safety establishment for newborns and infants. Comfort and safety is the key component of newborn and infant care. This bachelor thesis focuses on paediatric nurses´ and mothers´ perspective on the comfort and the safety ensurement of the newborn and the infant, furthermore focuses on the education of mothers provided in this field by the paediatric nurse and on the way by which comfort and safety of the newborn and the infant is ensured by the mother in the home environment. Four objectives were set in the bachelor thesis. The first objective was to describe the perspective of pediatric nurses on ensuring comfort and safety in newborns and infants. The second objective was to determine the way how to educate mothers in the field of providing comfort and safety to newborns and infants. The third objective was to describe the mothers' perspective on ensuring comfort and safety of newborns and infants and the last objective chosen was to find out the method of ensuring comfort and safety of newborns and infants by mothers in the home environment. The theoretical part of the bachelor thesis defines the concepts of the neonatal and the infant period, and follows up basic human needs, particularly the need of security and safety and the need of love and together belonging. The theoretical part also describes possibilities of comfort and safety ensurement of newborns and infants, such as skin to skin contact, bonding, newborn bathing including skin care, proper handling, safe sleep, and finally the use of baby massage, aromatherapy and swaddling. The research part of the thesis was based on qualitative survey, using an interview method. The data collection was done using in-depth interview technique with pediatric nurses and mothers of newborns and infants. Data analysis was done using pencil paper method. Subsequently, categories of in-depth interviews were created separately for paediatric nurses and mothers. Five categories were created for the baby nurses: Providing the Need for Security and Safety from the Baby Nurses' Perspective, The way of the Baby Nurse Education Conduct, Content of the Education, Use of Alternative Methods in the Child Care from the Baby Nurses' Perspective and Preparation for the Child Care. For mothers, five categories were also created, which include: Providing the Need of Security and Safety from the Mothers' Perspective, The Education, The Sleep, Use of Alternative Methods in the Child Care from the Mothers' Perspective, and The Layette Set. Corresponding sub-categories were then created for the categories. The research revealed that paediatric nurses just as mothers had the same perspective on providing comfort and security for the newborn and infant. They agreed that it is necessary that mother and baby are to be in constant contact, including cuddling, caressing and talking to the baby, generally speaking to be the loving mother. The research survey also showed us that mothers are not sufficiently educated in the area of handling the newborn and infant and in safe sleeping. Based on the results of the research, two educational leaflets were developed containing the principles of proper handling and safe sleep for newborn and infant.
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Procedural Pain Relief in Premature Neonates
DUDARCOVÁ, Terezie
This Bachelor's thesis deals with the topic of procedural pain management in preterm newborns. Procedural pain is caused during medical procedures. Long-term exposure to pain has a variety of consequences, which is why it is very important to pay attention to the procedural pain prevention management. The first aim of the thesis was to explore the possibilities of assessing procedural pain in premature neonates. The second aim was to map the available methods of procedural pain management, followed by the final goal to identify the possibilities of involving mothers of premature neonates in the procedural pain prevention management. The research part of the paper was based on a qualitative investigation by means of questioning and observation. Data collection was carried out using in-depth interviews with paediatric nurses and mothers of premature neonates. Next part of the research involved observation of paediatric nurses during painful procedures. The information obtained was logged in observation sheets. Research has shown that there is currently a great effort to reduce the number of painful procedures that preterm newborns have to undergo. It was found that when evaluating procedural pain, all circumstances must be taken into account and not evaluated only according to a given scale. According to the research, the most effective of the non-pharmacological methods of pain relief is direct contact between mother and child. Pharmacological methods of pain relief are used in rare cases. It was also confirmed that there is currently a great effort to involve parents in the care of preterm newborns, but this needs to be further intensified and fathers need to be engaged more, for example. The results obtained from the research can be used in the education of paediatric nurses. An educational leaflet for mothers has also been developed.
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How do women experience the time of their maternity leave?
SOUČKOVÁ, Ivana
The diploma thesis, based on qualitative research conducted through unstructured individual interviews, describes the way mothers experience their time on maternity leave. The theoretical part contains a discussion of time and free time. The practical part is dedicated to important topics arising from the interviews, such as the father's position in the family, comparing the care of younger and older children, the mother's free time, household duties and child support.
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The specifics of care for a newborn baby of a drug-addicted mother
PEKÁRKOVÁ, Barbora
The neonatal abstinence syndrom occures in newborns of addicted mothers to any kind of drug. The drugs may be soft (legal) or hard (illegal). The manifestation of neonatal abstinence syndrom is mostly of neurological symptoms, such as seizures, restlessness and tremble. The neonatal abstinence syndrom can also be manifested by gastrointestinal, respiratory and termoregulation problems. Neonatal abstinence syndrom begins to manifest within 24 to 72 hours after birth and the most conclusive examination drug testing is from newborn's meconium. The newborns are assesed by the Finnegan score and if the result is higher than eight points, the neonatal abstinence syndrome can be diagnosed. The first goal was to reveal and describe the differences in care between a newborn of a drug-addicted mother and a physiological newborn, second goal was to specify nursing problems of a newborn of a drug-addicted mother and the third goal was to concretize the role of the nurse in a care of a newborn of a drug-addicted mother. The research part of this work was processed by the qualitative research method, using semi-structured interviews. The interviews took place in june 2022. Five interviews were recorded on a recording device and three interviews were written down on a paper due to dissapproval of said nurses to record the interviews. All interviews were transcribed into Microsoft Word programme. The ATLAS.ti programme was used to analyse, code and create schemes. The data was split into parts and codes were added to the said parts. The codes were put into categories related to the research questions. Afterwards, the schemes were made from said categories and subcategories. Based on data collected from the research we can say that the most common nursing problem in a newborn with neonatal abstinence syndrom is restlessness, crying, tremor, scream, sleep deprivation, instability of temperature, gulping and vomiting. Futhermore, the analysed data showed that the role of a nurse in taking care of a newborn with NAS are mainly "nurse as a provider of nursing care" and "nurse as a educator". The main differences in care between the newborn of a drug-addicted mother and a physiological newborn are in nutrition, contact with mother, when it also depends on her presence and the condition of the baby, in participation of other profesionals. There are hardly any differences in education, but it also depends on the condition of a baby and its needs. In conclusion, the most common nursing problems in a baby with neonatal abstinence syndrom are neurological problems, following the problems with sleep, temperature and nutrition. The nurse is mainly in a role of a nurse educator and provider of a nursing care. The differences in care between the baby with NAS and the physiological baby depend on the presence of its mother, the condition of the baby and its gestational age. The differences are mostly in nutrition and the participation of profesionals, for example the child protect services. The results of this research can be used in improving the quality of care for newborns with NAS, in an education of the future pediatric nurses in Pediatric nursing study programme and in further education of pediatric nurses in NAS in hospital through lectures.
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The importance of LATCH score in promoting effective breastfeeding
MATĚJKOVÁ, Radka
The LATCH score is a breastfeeding mapping system that supports effective breastfeeding, and it is used to predict the duration of exclusive breastfeeding at six weeks after delivery. Assessments, which begin in the delivery room and continue until the mother and newborn are discharged, are essential. The LATCH system serves as a systematic collection of information about breastfeeding. The rating scale assigns 0, 1 or 2 points to five key areas of breastfeeding. Every letter of the LATCH acronym indicates an area of assessment. With the LATCH scoring system the pediatric nurse can assess maternal and newborn variables, and can easily define areas for intervention and prioritize nursing care at maternity hospital. Our first goal was to reveal the importance of the LATCH score in promoting effective breastfeeding. The second goal was to reveal in which areas of breastfeeding techniques mothers most often make mistakes. The third aim was to describe in which areas of LATCH mothers need more education. And the last goal was to find out what are the specifics of nursing care for mothers and newborns with a low LATCH score.The practical part of the bachelor's thesis was processed using the method of qualitative research using direct observation and the method of questioning through a semi-structured interview. The research group consisted of ten mothers who, during the research period, were hospitalized after delivery in the department for physiological newborns. Mothers were directly observed during breastfeeding on the day after delivery and upon discharge from the hospital. LATCH scores were evaluated during observation. For mothers with a low LATCH score on the first day after delivery, the interventions provided to the mothers were further qualitatively evaluated and their effectiveness verified by the LATCH value at discharge. These mothers were contacted again in sixth week of the child's age, and through a short interview we verified, whether the mothers were still breastfeeding, what problems they had and what was the reason for stopping breastfeeding. The obtained data were qualitatively analyzed with the ATLAS.ti program. Based on the research investigation and the obtained analyzed data, it follows that the LATCH score is important in promoting effective breastfeeding. Nowadays, more and more women want to breastfeed as long as possible. During the analysis of the obtained data, we established three categories. The first category deals with the evaluation of the LATCH score at the first feeding after birth, here it is captured what affects breastfeeding in the first hours after birth by the mother, the newborn and the child's nurse. In the second category, we deal with the most common problems during breastfeeding and their solution by a pediatric nurse. The most common obstacle was the mutual position of the mother and the newborn and the correct latching and sucking of the newborn. The psychological and physical comfort of the mother is also closely related to breastfeeding. Nursing staff, i.e. children's nurses, educate the mother more in LATCH areas, where points are removed, and their goal is for the newborn to leave the maternity ward fully breastfed and for the mother to know everything about breastfeeding in the home environment. The last category is the progress of breastfeeding after six weeks after giving birth. We are interested in whether the mothers are still fully breastfeeding and whether they have had any complications.The results show that the LATCH score is a quick and simple tool for assessing breastfeeding after delivery, during hospitalization and before discharge. This breastfeeding assessment method serves pediatric nurses to effectively evaluate mother and newborn variables, define areas where intervention is needed and determine priorities in the provision of nursing care for the mother and newborn. The results of the research investigation can be used to improve the quality of nursing care...
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